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DIVISION OF 
ENGINEERING 

OF THE 

NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL 

IN COOPERATION WITH 

ENGINEERING FOUNDATION 



ENGINEERING SOCIETIES BUILDING 

29 WEST 39th STREET 

NEW YORK CITY 

SEPTEMBER, 1922 



THE 

DIVISION OF ENGINEERING 

OF THE 

NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL 

IN COOPERATION WITH 

ENGINEERING FOUNDATION 



purposes: to encourage, initiate, organize, AND 
CO-ORDINATE FUNDAMENTAL AND ENGINEERING RE- 
SEARCH AND TO SERVE AS A CLEARING-HOUSE FOR 
RESEARCH INFORMATION IN THE FIELD OF ENGINEERING 



ENGINEERING SOCIETIES BUILDING 

29 WEST 39TH STREET 
NEW YORK CITY 

SEPTEMBER, 1922 



I \n3 



TABLE OF CONTENTS 

PAGE 

National Research Council 3 

Division of Engineering 5 

Work Done by the Division, Its Committees and Boards . 6 

Joint Committees With Other Organizations 18 

Methods Developed by the Division , 19 

Achievements and Opportunities 22 

Henry Marion Hov^e 23 

By-Laws of the Division 25 

Officers, Members and Committees 28 



INDEX 



PAGE 
Achievements and Opportunities.. 22 

Activities, Scope 5 

Advisory Boards and Commit- 
tees 18, 30 

Aims of Division 5 

American Bureau of Welding.. 12, 30 

By-Laws of the Division 25 

Character and Use of Road Ma- 
terials 33 

Committee Costs 21 

Deoxidizers 10, 34 

Divisions of Council 3 

Economic Theory of Highway 

Improvement 33 

Electrical Core Losses 16, 34 

Electrical Insulation 16, 34 

Engineering Foundation 4, 6 

Executive Board, N. R. C 3 

Fatigue of Metals 7, 34 

Financial Support 4, 6 

Funds 4, 6 

Hardness Testing 10, 34 

Heat Transmission 17, 36 

Heat Treatment of Carbon Steel 9, 34 

Helmets and Body Armor 8 

High Speed Tool Steels 17 

Highway Finances 34 

Highway Research 11, 33 

Highway Traffic Analysis 34 

Interim Committee 3 

Magnetic Analysis 18 



PAGE 

Manganese Saving 10 

Marine Filing Investigations .. 14, 35 

Molding Sand 13, 35 

Neuman Bands 10 

Offices, Division of Engineering. . 4 

Offices, N. R. C 4 

Past Chairmen 28 

Personnel Research Federation.. 17 
Phosphorous and Sulphur in Steel 19 
Physical Changes in Iron and Steel 
below the Thermal Critical 

range 9, 36 

Pressure Vessels 32 

Procedure in Committee Work... 19 

Pulverizing 16, 36 

Purpose of Council 3 

Purpose of Division 5 

Pyrometers 8 

Rail Joints 13, 32 

Rock Drill Steels 18, 30 

Selenium and Tellurium 11, 36 

Size of Committees 21 

Standard Tests for Welds 32 

Steel Ingots 8 

Storage Tanks 32 

Structural Design of Roads 33 

Substitute Deoxidizers 10 

Tractive Resistance of Roads... 33 
Training of Welding Operators.. 32 

War Work of Division 6 

Welding 12, 30 



THE NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL 

THE National Research Council is a cooperative organization 
of American societies and scientific men concerned with the 
physical, mathematical, and biological sciences, and their 
applications to human welfare through the agricultural, engineering 
and medical arts. Approximately eighty societies are included. 
Among the Council's members are also business men interested In the 
industries. The Council was organized in 191 6 under the charter of 
the National Academy of Sciences to coordinate the research facilities 
of the country for work on war problems. In 191 8, by executive 
order of the President of the United States, It was reorganized as a 
permanent body for the promotion of research In the natural sciences 
and of the application and dissemination of scientific knowledge for 
the national well-being. Departments of the Government are di- 
rected to cooperate with the Council ; but although closely and cordially 
related to the Government, the Council Is not a governmental bureau. 

Organization 

The Research Council has seven divisions of science and tech- 
nology, dealing with i, physics, mathematics and astronomy; 2, 
engineering; 3, chemistry and chemical technology; 4, geology and 
geography; 5, medical sciences; 6, biology and agriculture; 7, 
psychology and anthropology; and six divisions of general relations, 
namely, i. Federal relations; 2, foreign relations; 3, States relations; 
4, educational relations; 5, research extension, and 6, research infor- 
mation. 

The work of the National Research Council is performed by an 
Executive Board of approximately forty members, having the cus- 
tomary officers, by numerous standing and special committees, a small 
office staff, and the organizations of the Divisions. Between the bi- 
monthly meetings of the Executive Board, an Interim Committee, 
composed of the officers of the Board and the Chairmen of the Di- 
visions of Science and Technology, meeting weekly, conducts current 
business. The affairs of the Council are under the general supervision 
of the Permanent Secretary. 

3 



4 NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL 

Finances 

Financial support is assured in part by a gift of $5,000,000 made 
by the Carnegie Corporation in December, 19 19, of which about 
$1,350,000 is being devoted to the erection of a building in Washing- 
^ton for the joint use of the Council and the National Academy of 
Sciences. The remainder is to serve as an endowment, the income 
to be applied to the expenses of the Council. Engineering Founda- 
tion defrays part of the expenses of the Division of Engineering. 

The National Research Council also receives and administers funds 
for specific projects. Since its reorganization, such funds have totaled 
nearly two million dollars. In addition, funds for cooperative re- 
searches are provided principally by the industries or organizations to 
be benefited. The Council, however, frequently assists in procuring 
these funds and occasionally is able to make small appropriations from 
its treasury for the preliminary expenses which must be incurred for 
the very first steps in starting a project. Funds being expended upon 
researches more or less directly attributable to the activities of the 
Council amount to several millions of dollars. 

National Research Council is prepared to act as treasurer for 

projects conducted under the auspices of its Divisions. It is now per- 
forming this service for several projects of the Division of Engineer- 
ing. Checks should be made payable to the order of National Re- 
search Council and, if intended for engineering projects, should, un- 
less otherwise arranged, be sent to its New York office, 29 West 39th 
Street. Moneys so contributed will be kept in separate funds, sep- 
arately accounted for and applied only to the purposes designated. 
Expenditures therefrom will be made only on duly authorized requisi- 
tions of the appropriate committee, approved by the Division of 
Engineering. The Council has acted in a fiduciary capacity for funds 
ranging from a few hundred dollars to half a million each. 

Offices 

The main offices of the National Research Council are at 1701 
Massachusetts Avenue, Washington, D. C, pending the completion! 
of its permanent building near the Lincoln Memorial. The Division 
of Engineering has offices in Engineering Societies Building, 29 West 
39th Street, New York, in order to facilitate cooperation with the 
engineering societies and Engineering Foundation. 



DIVISION OF ENGINEERING 



THE DIVISION OF ENGINEERING 

Aims 

THE Division of Engineering aims to carry out the general 
purpose of the National Research Council in the field of engi- 
neering by stimulating research and coordinating the work of 
existing agencies. It seeks to minimize duplication wherever it is 
wasteful, to concentrate scattered efforts, to promote progress, to sug- 
gest programs for projects but not in any case to dictate procedure, 
to encourage individual initiative, and to make knowledge gained more 
widely accessible. 

The ultimate and constant aim of the Division is effective and 
acceptable helpfulness to the Profession, the industries and the country. 

Scope of Activities 

The Division, with the assistance of an advisory committee or 
board in each broad field of engineering, plans programs for the 
projects brought to it or proposed by it, aids in organizing the in- 
terested group, finds men and means for carrying out the plans, co- 
ordinates the work of societies, industries, governmental bureaus, uni- 
versities and individuals, and in general stimulates research on the 
problems selected. Work on each problem is conducted under the 
supervision of a research committee led by a competent chairman. 
Modes of handling projects differ according to their nature, the funds, 
facilities and workers available, and the geographic distribution of the 
group interested. Results are published in the journal of the engineer- 
ing society most interested, or in an appropriate technical periodical, 
or in a Bulletin of the Council. 

Problems selected for study are of broad fundamental character, 
or are of importance to a group of industries or public utilities or to 
some branch of the engineering profession. Progress in complex work 
of this nature requires the combined efforts and knowledge of com- 
petent scientists and engineers. By its scheme of organization the 
Council is especially fitted to bring together scientists and technologists 
able and willing to contribute the varieties of knowledge and experi- 
ence requisite for successful attack on any problem accepted for study. 



6 NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL 

Resources 

Funds for the administrative expenses of the Division are supplied 
partly by National Research Council and partly by Engineering Foun- 
dation; but money needed for specific researches must in general be 
supplied by those to be benefited, or by some "good angel." Many 
valuable contributions are in the form of part-time services of staff 
engineers, laboratory facilities, or materials needed for the investiga- 
tions. The generosity with which many scientists and engineers give 
of their knowledge, time and advice is most praiseworthy. These 
services are beyond valuation and should be more widely known and 
appreciated, at least by the Intelligent element of the Public. 

Personnel 

The Division is made up of representatives of national engineering 
societies, and members-at-large appointed because of special fitness. 
The membership includes past and present officers of the societies, high 
officials of governmental bureaus and leaders In industry. 

Work Done by the Division, Its Committees and Boards 

War and Reorganization. The Committee on Engineering, the 
predecessor of the Division, aided in mobilizing some of the engineer- 
ing resources of the country for services during the World War. This 
committee was organized in four sections, Metallurgy, Mechanical 
Engineering, Electrical Engineering, and Prime Movers. Each sec- 
tion has to its credit Important achievements.* 

The first two years after the war were devoted to the development 
of organization on a peace-time basis, Including: 

1 . Completion or discontinuance of work limited to war purposes ; 

2. Reorganization of the work of committees selected for con- 

tinuation ; 

3. Organization of new committees; 

4. Consideration of methods of financing committee work; 

5. Discussion of proper field of activity; 

6. Establishment of co-operative relations with societies, indus- 

tries, universities and governmental bureaus, engaged In re- 
search in the engineering field. 



^See report of National Academy of Sciences for year 1918. 



DIVISION OF ENGINEERING 7 

Although It was generally conceded that the possibilities of the 
Division of Engineering and of the Council as a whole were greater 
in peace times than during the war, it was recognized that the patriot- 
Ism which led Industries to co-operate and to contribute services and 
knowledge would not prevail on resumption of commercial competi- 
tion. Nevertheless, encouraging progress has been made and results 
of value secured. Besides those items which can be described, there are 
intangible accomplishments, such as the incidental training of research 
workers, the inspiration of industries to conduct research for them- 
selves (one of the foremost aims of National Research Council), the 
exchange of Information at committee meetings, and the increase of 
interest. 

Fatigue of Metals. Fatigue failures occur In shafts of steam tur- 
bines, electric generators and motors. In airplane engine crankshafts, 
in axles of railway cars, automobiles and trucks, and In many machine 
parts. A comprehensive investigation, under the chairmanship of 
Professor H. F. Moore, initiated during the war, has been conducted 
at the Engineering Experiment Station of the University of Illinois 
since 19 19, by the Division with the co-operation of Engineering 
Foundation. The object is to extend our knowledge of the nature of 
fatigue phenomena and to determine general laws for the guidance of 
engineers and manufacturers in selecting materials, making designs 
and choosing methods of manufacture and operation. 

Successful procedures for tests have been learned, satisfactory 
equipment designed and installed, a test party trained, and several 
Important conclusions tentatively drawn. The project was made pos- 
sible by an appropriation of $30,000 from Engineering Foundation, 
which defrayed the cost of the first part of the program, completed in 
October, 192 1. Hitherto, limitation of resources has restricted the 
studies to certain important steels, including some alloy steels added to 
the program at the request of the General Electric Company, which 
contributed $30,000 for this extension. Facilities and services donated 
by the University are estimated at more than $6,000 a year. To these 
contributions must be added the valuable services of the Advisory Com- 
mittee, freely given. 

The following papers and bulletins have been published : 

"EflFect of Cold Working and Rest on Resistance of Steel to Fatigue Under 
Reversed Stresses" by H. F. Moore and W. J. Putnam, presented at the February, 
1919, meeting of the American Institute of Mining and Metallurgical Engineers. 



8 NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL 

"Fatigue Phenomena of Metals," a report summarizing the available facts and 
theories relating to fatigue failure and the discussion of some of the unsolved 
problems, published by American Society of Mechanical Engineers in "Mechanical 
Engineering" September, 1919. 

"Fatigue of Metals Under Repeated Stresses," by H. F. Moore and J. B. 
Kommers, read at the Seventeenth Annual Meeting of the American Iron and 
Steel Institute, May 28, 1920. 

Bulletin No. 124 (185 pages), "An Investigation of the Fatigue of Metals," 
published October, 1921, by the University of Illinois, Engineering Experiment 
Station. Includes history, descriptions of materials, tests, apparatus and specimens, 
test data and results, conclusion and bibliography. A progress report. 

By the Engineering Foundation, "Report for the Year Ended February 9, 1922, 
and a Report of Research on the Fatigue of Metals : Publication No. 4," March, 
1922, a moderate abridgement of Bulletin No. 124, of University of Illinois. 

"Fatigue or Progressive Failure of Metals Under Repeated Stresses," by 
H. F. Moore, J. B. Kommers and T. M. Jasper, read before the Tv^enty-fifth 
Annual Meeting of the American Society for Testing Materials, June 29, 1922. 

A second progress report has been drafted. 

Work continues on the extension requested by the General Electric 
Company. While the test party and equipment are available, oppor- 
tunity exists for other extensions at substantial economy. Plans are 
being developed for studies of non-ferrous metals. 

Pyrometers. This committee, with Dr. George K. Burgess as 
chairman, devoted attention to improvements in pyrometry, including 
the measurement of the temperature of the bath of steel in open-hearth 
and electric steel-making processes. The industry cooperated in the 
experimental work. A symposium of fifty-seven papers was published 
in a separate volume by the American Institute of Mining and Metal- 
lurgical Engineers. This is considered the most important contribu- 
tion to pyrometry since the invention of the Le Chatelier pyrometer. 

Steel Ingots. This committee was organized during the War to 
determine, with the aid of the steel makers, the best open-hearth prac- 
tice for the manufacture of gun steels and fine steels generally. A 
report by the late Dr. Henry M. Howe and Colonel W. P. Barba was 
published by the American Institute of Mining and Metallurgical 
Engineers in January, 1922, and constitutes the best specifications for 
open-hearth practice ever prepared. 

Helmets and Body Armor were studied experimentally by a com- 
mittee expert in special steels and ancient armor, with Dr. Bashford 
Dean as chairman. This committee cooperated with the Ordnance De- 
partment of the Army. The purpose was to improve the designs and 
to find steel of great ballistic resistance when in thin sheets. In addition 



DIVISION OF ENGINEERING 9 

to fifteen valuable special reports, a final report was written. (See 
"Helmets and Body Armor In Modern Warfare," Dean, published 
by Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, 1920.) 

Physical Changes in Iron and Steel Below the Thermal Critical 
Range. A committee with Dr. Zay Jeffries as chairman undertook to 
correlate experimental results of deformation of iron and steel In the 
blue-heat range at ordinary and slightly elevated temperatures, accom- 
panied by a change In physical properties usually called "ageing," and 
studied the effect of temperature on the mechanical properties of Iron 
and steel, particularly boiler plate. Investigations were conducted at 
plants with which members of the committee are connected and at the 
Bureau of Standards. Two papers were presented at the February, 
1920, meeting of the American Institute of Mining and Metallurgical 
Engineers by H. J. French and Zay Jeffries, entitled "Tensile Proper- 
ties of Boiler Plate at Elevated Temperatures" and "Physical Proper- 
ties In Iron and Steel Below the Thermal Critical Range." A paper 
was published In "Mining and Metallurgy," June 15, 192 1, on "Slip 
Interference Theory of the Hardening of Metals," by Zay Jeffries and 
R. S. Archer. The evidence presented in these reports shows clearly 
that rolling or forging steel or iron without closely regarding temper- 
atures may harm the product. Useful variations in properties pro- 
duced by deformation in the blue-heat range may also be possible. 

Heat Treatment of Carbon Steel. The objects of this committee, 
of which the late Dr. Henry M. Howe was chairman, were to increase 
knowledge of the Influence of heat treatment on the mechanical prop- 
erties of carbon steel, and especially to learn the conditions which most 
advantageously set up the sorbltic state, the most valuable for engineer- 
ing purposes. The method pursued was to subject specimens of steel of 
the carbon contents most used for engineering work, 0.34 per cent, 
0.52 per cent, and 0.75 per cent, and most suited to sorbltlzing, to 
various heat treatments, and to test the mechanical properties thus In- 
duced. The steels were the same as were used by the committee on 
fatigue phenomena. The tests were expected to show the merits of 
sorbltlzing treatment over crude annealing. A report is In preparation 
by F. B. Foley, of the Bureau of Mines. This project was financed 
jointly by the U. S. Bureaus of Mines and Standards; industries and 
university laboratories have cooperated. A large part of the work 
was done at Dr. Howe's private laboratory. 



10 NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL 

Manganese Saving, in the steel Industry, was necessitated by war 
conditions. Important results in smelting and in recarburization were 
exhibited by this committee in two papers presented to the February, 
19 19, meeting of the American Institute of Mining and Metallurgical 
Engineers. Dr. J. E. Johnson, Jr., was chairman. After Dr. John- 
son's death, Samuel H. Hoyt acted as chairman. 

Deoxidizers. To investigate thoroughly the fundamental prob- 
lems involved in the use of deoxidizers in steel manufacture was the 
object of this committee. Originally it was organized as a war measure 
to find ways of saving manganese by replacing the iron-manganese 
alloys in the Bessemer, open-hearth and electrical processes. On 
November 3, 1920, a report on "New Deoxidizers for Steel Manufac- 
ture," by J. R. Cain, chairman, was published in "Chemical and Metal- 
lurgical Engineering." Other valuable reports have been prepared. 
Since the war the investigation has been continued at the Bureau of 
Standards with the cooperation of some of the industries concerned. 
Dr. George K. Burgess is now chairman. Mr. Cain continues his 
work as Research Metallurgist of the Committee. 

Neumann Bands. To determine the relation, if any, between the 
speed of the rupture of a piece of steel and the resultant number of 
Neumann bands, and also to ascertain whether the presence of Neu- 
mann bands In metal is evidence of weakness, a committee was organ- 
ized during the war with Prof. C. E. Munroe as chairman. It may be 
possible from the number of bands to distinguish between an explosive 
and a non-explosive rupture. A report by F. B. Foley and S. P. 
Howell, embodying results and conclusions to date, was published in 
August, 1922, by the American Institute of Mining and Metallurgical 
Engineers. This committee is continuing its studies with the coopera- 
tion of the Army and Navy. 

Netsc Hardness Testing Machine. With Dr. H. L. Whittemore 
as chairman, a committee attempted to develop a machine for testing 
hardness of metals and other substances beyond the capacity of the 
Brinell apparatus and the scleroscope, and to devise better methods. 
Results were summarized in a paper published In the July, 192 1, issue 
of "Mechanical Engineering," the journal of the American Society of 
Mechanical Engineers, and the committee reorganized. • 

Hardness Testing of Metals. This committee was created by 
reorganizing the committee mentioned in the preceding paragraph. 



DIVISION OF ENGINEERING 11 

Major A. E. Bellls is chairman. It is studying different methods now 
used to determine hardness of metals, and seeks if possible to interpret 
''hardness" in terms of other physical properties. A paper was pre- 
sented at the American Society for Testing Materials Convention, 
June, 1922, by Fred E. Foss and R. C. Brumfield on "Some Measure- 
ments of the Shape of Brinell Ball Indentation." Cooperation has 
been secured from governmental laboratories, industrial companies, 
Individuals and the American Society for Steel Treating. This work 
is in active progress. 

Uses of Tellurium and Selenium, This committee seeks new uses 
for tellurium and selenium, since under normal conditions these metals 
can be produced in excess of present demand. A paper was presented 
by Dr. Victor Lenher, chairman, June, 1920, at the St. Louis meeting 
of the American Chemical Society, and published in the ''Journal of 
Industrial and Engineering Chemistry." Several new uses for these 
elements have been discovered. One possibility, use in an "anti-knock" 
compound in gasoline engines, is of great economic importance as it 
would not only increase the life of the engines, but also effect great 
saving of fuel. This demand, if developed, was estimated to exceed 
greatly any possible supply. To encourage the discovery and develop- 
ment of sources of supply, the chairman compiled a comprehensive 
treatise entitled "Analytical Chemistry of Selenium and Tellurium," 
which is to be published in a bulletin by the American Institute of 
Mining and Metallurgical Engineers. 

Advisory Board on Highway Research was organized in Novem- 
ber, 1920, with Anson Marston as chairman, to assist in outlining a 
comprehensive national program of highway research and coordinat- 
ing activities thereunder; to organize specific projects; to deal with 
ways and means ; to act in a general advisory capacity. 

The Board comprises representatives of seventeen organizations 
interested in highways, transport thereon, vehicles, and highway eco- 
nomics. Among these organizations may be mentioned the Bureau of 
Public Roads (Thomas H. Macdonald, Chief), Association of State 
Highway Officials, and Society of Automotive Engineers, which have 
been especially active in cooperation. Professor W. K. Hatt, of 
Purdue University, undertook the directorship in July, 192 1, with 
offices in Washington. Experimental work involving more than a 
million dollars is in progress by Federal and State Departments, uni- 



12 NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL 

versltles, industries and organizations. The Director has published a 
comprehensive national scheme for highway research and several papers 
before engineering and other associations. A census of highway re- 
searches In progress or recently completed, and a bulletin on the work 
done by the Board and Its cooperating organizations are In prepara- 
tion. The Director has traveled all over the country collecting and 
distributing Information, giving counsel, organizing and directing 
committees. 

Connected with the Board are committees on Character and Use of 
Road Materials (H. S. Mattimore, chairman). Economic Theory of 
Highway Improvement (T. R. Agg), Tractive Resistance of Roads 
(C. J. Tilden) , Structural Design of Roads (A. T. Goldbeck) , High- 
way Traffic Analysis (G. E. Hamlin), Highway Finances (J. D. 
MacKay) . The Quartermaster's Corps and the Engineer Corps, of 
the Army, several States, Industries, educational institutions and tech- 
nical societies, in addition to the Bureau of Public Roads, have co- 
operated In the activities of these committees. 

The Advisory Board on Highway Research has done much to make 
researches more widely useful, to promote additional research and to 
bring together public authorities, technical organizations and industries 
interested in the many phases of highway transport. Financial sup- 
port for the Board has been provided largely by the Bureau of Public 
Roads, with contributions also from a few of the States, some indus- 
tries, Engineering Foundation and National Research Council. 

American Bureau of Welding was organized to foster the im- 
provement of methods, materials and equipment, and to establish 
codes and standards. Professor C. A. Adams is Director. Commercial 
development of the industry is being actively promoted by the Ameri- 
can Welding Society. The Bureau was created to provide Impartial 
auspices for the scientific study of the many problems and the publica- 
tion of results. Its membership Includes representatives of fifteen 
technical societies, three governmental bureaus, Engineering Founda- 
tion and National Research Council, besides American Welding So- 
ciety. 

Eleven research committees are working on problems, the nature 
and Importance of which are indicated by the titles, the names of the 
chairmen following In parentheses: i. Electric Arc Welding (Henry 
M. Hobart) ; 2. Gas Welding (S. W. Miller) ; 3. Welding of Stor- 
age Tanks (J. C. Lincoln) ; 4. Welding Wire Specifications (C. A. 



DIVISION OF ENGINEERING 13 

McCune) ; 5. Standard Tests for Welds (F. M. Farmer) ; 6. Train- 
ing of Operators (J. C. Wright) ; 7. Specifications for Steel to Be 
Welded (W. J. Beck) ; 8. Resistance Welding (Hermann Lemp) ; 
9. Thermit Welding (J. H. Deppeler) ; 10. Welded Rail Joints 
(George K. Burgess); 11. Pressure Vessels (H. L. Whittemore). 
The Welding Conference Committee (A. S. Kinsey) completed its 
work and was disbanded. 

The following reports have been published : 

"Welding Mild Steel," by Henry M. Hobart, presented at a joint session of 
the American Institute of Electrical Engineers and American Institute of Mining 
and Metallurgical Engineers, February, 1919. Results of an elaborate series of 
investigations conducted during the War under the auspices of the National Re- 
search Council and Emergency Fleet Corporation. 

"Speed of Metallic Arc Welding," by Wm. Spraragen, in "Welding Engineer," 
June, 1920. 

"Standards for Testing Welds" (report of committee), Bulletin No. i, of 
American Welding Society. 

"Welding Wire Specifications" (report of committee). Bulletin No. 2, Amer- 
ican Welding Society. 

"Standards for Arc Welding Machines" (report of committee), Bulletin 
No. 3, American Welding Society. 

Pamphlet entitled "American Bureau of Welding," November, 1921. 

"Resistance- Welding Nomenclature" (report of committee), July, 1922, Journal 
of American Welding Society. 

"Present State of Art of Electric Percussive Welding," by D. F. Miner, 
Journal of American Welding Society, July, 1922. 

"Progress Report No. 1 — Present State of Art in Making Welded Rail 
Joints," a 73-page bulletin compiled by Welded Rail Joint Committee. 

"Tentative Code: Welding of Unfired Pressure Vessels," report of Welding 
Conference Committee submitted to Boiler Code Committee of American Society 
of Mechanical Engineers, December, 1921. 

"Present State of Art of Electric Arc and Gas Welding of Cast Iron," by W. H. 
Namack and S. W. Miller, Journal of American Welding Society, August-Sep- 
tember, 1922. 

"Present State of Art of Resistance Butt Welding" (report of committee). 
Journal of American Welding Society, August- September, 1922. 

Molding Sand. In 1920, the American Foundrymen's Associa- 
tion requested the assistance of the American Institute of Mining and 
Metallurgical Engineers in a study of molding sand problems. The 
Institute referred the request to the Division of Engineering, of which 
it is a member. After examination of the field, the Division aided the 
Foundrymen's Association in the organization of a committee em- 
bracing in its membership foundrymen, engineers, chemists and geolo- 



14 NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL 

gists, and In the formulation of a program of Investigation. Maj. R. A. 
Bull Is chairman of the committee, whose purposes are to bring about 
economies In Iron, steel and non-ferrous foundries through re-use of 
molding and core sands; to Investigate the methods of testing molding 
sands ; to effect uniformity of practice In testing by establishing stand- 
ard test methods; to devise methods for scientific selection of sands for 
specific purposes, and for combining and conditioning sands not other- 
wise usable. A critical summary of the literature has been compiled 
and distributed widely. Directions have been prepared to aid State 
geologists and others In searching for natural deposits of sand which 
may be used for foundry purposes. The following papers were pre- 
sented before the American Foundrymen's Association at Rochester, 
N. Y., June 5-9, 1922 : "Significance of the Screen Tests of Molding 
Sands," by H. A. Schwartz; "Establishing a Method of Testing for 
Green Bond Strength," by R. J. Doty; and a report on "Sand Rec- 
lamation Investigation of American Steel Foundries." Economy In 
foundry operating Is resulting from Increased knowledge and the sub- 
stitution of scientific methods for "rule of thumb" procedure. 

Marine Piling Investigations. (R. T. Betts, chairman; Colonel 
William G. Atwood, Director.) In spite of the fact that marine 
borershave damaged ships and wharves ever since man has used such 
things, little Is known of the food and breeding habits of these animals, 
the temperature, salinity, and oxygen-content of water favorable to 
them, and the real effect upon them of certain poisons and other means 
which have been used against them. In 19 17, a form Identified to be 
the true Holland ship-worm. Teredo navalis, appeared In San Fran- 
cisco Bay, where It has caused destruction of railroad, Industrial and 
other marine structures to the extent of twenty million dollars. This 
species works very fast. It can live in waters of low salinity, and, 
judging from experience In San Francisco Bay, is but slightly Influenced 
by sewage and other pollution. Several other species of borers also 
infest various portions of the Pacific, Gulf and Atlantic coasts of our 
continent. These marine pests steadily cause losses and expenses es- 
timated to aggregate millions of dollars each year. 

Reinforced Portland cement concrete has been used in numerous 
ways as a substitute or protection for wood. Many forms of concrete 
construction are expensive. Furthermore, in many cases, concrete 
has developed troubles necessitating costly repairs and indicating that 
its life as hitherto used may not be so long as was expected, in salt- 



DIVISION OF ENGINEERING 15 

water exposures. On the other hand, there are examples of concrete 
which has been satisfactory for a number of years. 

In view of the constant large financial losses, and the need for 
new knowledge to aid in reducing these losses, the National Research 
Council through its Divisions of Engineering and of Biology and 
Agriculture, with cooperation of the Division of Chemistry and Chemi- 
cal Technology, appointed a national committee on Marine Piling 
Investigations. A committee organized in San Francisco in July, 1920, 
which has published two valuable reports, has on its own request been 
made a "port committee" cooperating with the national committee. 
Port committees have also been organized in New York and the 
Pacific Northwest. Other portions of the coast are covered by the 
national committee directly. Biological, engineering and chemical 
aspects of the problem are receiving attention, including types of con- 
struction not subject to attack by borers, as well as protection for 
wooden piling. 

Railroads having marine terminals are cooperating effectively, as 
are also the U. S. Departments of Commerce, War and Navy, New 
York City and other seaports, the States of New York and New 
Jersey, and other owners of waterfront properties. The Navy is 
sending instructions for investigations to all naval stations, both con- 
tinental and insular. The Engineer Corps of the Army, the Bureaus 
of Fisheries and Lighthouses, the Coast and Geodetic Survey, and 
the Forest Products Laboratory are rendering valuable aid. The 
Canadian government and Canadian Pacific Railway are also co- 
operating. The Board of Directors of the American Railway Engi- 
neering Association have instructed their committees interested in 
this problem to cooperate to the fullest extent with the committee of 
the Council; have appointed the Director and one member of the 
committee on the Committees of the A. R. E. A., and have requested 
the American Railway Association to appropriate funds and assist 
in the Investigation. 

Wooden test samples for detection of the presence of borers are 
being placed on all coasts. A compilation of past attempts to pro- 
tect wooden structures and the success attained Is under way. It is 
estimated that one hundred thousand dollars will be needed annually 
for a few years, in addition to the contributions In services and sup- 
plies, just mentioned, valued at one hundred and fifty thousand dollars 
a year. 



16 NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL 

Reference is made to the following : 

"The Marine Borer Problem in the Vicinity of New York," by Dr. Hermann 
von Schrenk, Dr. Thurlow C. Nelson and Mr. C. M. Taylor, The Municipal 
Engineers Journal — Second Quarterly Issue, 1922. 

"Marine Borers," by W. G. Atwood, Proceedings of the American Society of 
Civil Engineers, August, 1922. 

Pulverizing. Under the chairmanship of Galen H. Clevenger, 
this committee which was merged with the Milling Committee of 
the American Institute of Mining and Metallurgical Engineers, was 
organized to investigate fundamental problems connected with pulver- 
izing ores and other materials. The great depression in the mining 
industry following the war seriously interfered with raising funds. 
Bureau of Mines has agreed to assist through members of its staff, 
and to pay one-half of the salary of a man to devote his whole time 
to the work of the committee. The Bureau has requested the com- 
mittee to act as an advisory committee on milling and pulverizing, 
and to select five subjects of investigation for the Bureau of Mines 
Fellows for 1923. Several universities have offered facilities at their 
laboratories. The committee has undertaken to standardize methods 
of conducting sizing tests. 

Electrical Core Losses. — In the absence of Chairman A. E. Ken- 
nelly, in France, Professor C. A. Adams has been acting as chairman. 
The purpose of the committee is to reduce the calculation of electrical 
core losses as well as of eddy-current losses in machines and conductors 
to a more rational and scientifically exact basis. Four phases of the 
work are now being conducted by four universities — Harvard, Wash- 
ington (St. Louis), Missouri, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 
— and the General Electric Company, under the supervision of five 
members of the committee. A number of manufacturers are furnish- 
ing services of their engineers and facilities of their laboratories. The 
work of the General Electric Company has resulted in a slight change 
in design of the standard induction motor which will decrease the core 
losses from 3 per cent to about 2^/4 per cent without increase in 
cost. 

Electrical Insulation. This committee was organized under the 
chairmanship of Dr. F. B. Jewett, not for the purpose of developing 
new insulating materials nor to solve specific industrial problems, but 
rather to lay a foundation of fundamental knowledge of the phe- 
nomena on which solutions of practical problems can be based. No 
progress has been reported since the first meeting, September 20, 1920, 



DIVISION OF ENGINEERING 17 

of which a report was printed by the Western Electric Company, in 
March, 192 1. This inactivity has been due largely to the business 
depression. 

High Speed Tool Steels. This committee was organized with 
J. V. Emmons chairman, to develop a steel, together with a proper 
heat treatment, which would combine highest efficiency with lowest 
cost. A bibliography was prepared which will appear in the October, 
1922, Transactions of the American Society for Steel Treating. Lack 
of funds and other difficulties led to the discharge of the committee 
at its request. 

Heat Transmission. The Division of Engineering with the co- 
operation of the Division of Physical Sciences is organizing a com- 
mittee and developing a program for an investigation in heat trans- 
mission. Important fundamental and industrial problems exist in all 
branches of engineering and in everyday life — heating and ventilating 
of dwellings and work places, refrigeration, steam engineering, metal- 
lurgy, chemical processes, expansion and contraction of structures. At 
present there is need for information on the heat conductivity of many 
materials. Due to lack of standardization of apparatus and methods 
many determinations are far from agreement. In many cases, conse- 
quently, specifications and nomenclature are misleading. Several or- 
ganizations have committees and numerous investigators are at work 
in university, industrial and governmental laboratories. Through 
preliminary conferences and an organizing committee with Dr. H. C. 
Dickinson as chairman good progress has been made in outlining a 
definite project, selecting the personnel of a committee to direct it, 
and determining the general procedure to be pursued. 

Personnel Research Federation. Because of the importance to 
engineers of the human individual in industry, the Division partici- 
pated in conferences leading to the establishment of the Federation, 
which has for its object "the correlation of research activities per- 
taining to personnel in industry, commerce, education, and government, 
wherever such researches are conducted in the spirit and with the 
methods of science." Membership includes Federal bureaus, uni- 
versities, American Federation of Labor, scientific organizations, per- 
sonnel associations, Engineering Foundation, National Research 
Council and many individuals. The Federation publishes monthly 
the Journal of Personnel Research. Dr. Robert M. Yerkes is chair- 



18 NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL 

man. Leonard Outhwaite, of Columbia University, is Director and 
Editor-in-Chief. 

Advisory Boards and Committees have been established in the 
main sub-divisions of engineering to strengthen the bonds between 
the societies and the Division and to make available through the 
Division the advice of technical leaders for the organizing of pro- 
jects and the selecting of problems and methods. The Civil Engineers 
chose a committee of sixteen, including their research committee; the 
Mechanical Engineers similarly appointed a group of thirty, com- 
prising their research committee and representatives of several smaller 
kindred societies. The Electrical Engineers organized a board of 
nineteen members having representatives also from other electrical 
organizations. The Mining and Metallurgical Engineers designated 
the members of the Institute who are members of the Division and the 
chairmen of their seventeen technical committees. The American 
Society for Testing Materials designated its executive committee. 
These advisory groups meet as a rule not oftener than once a year, 
in connection with the annual meeting of the sponsor society. Most 
of the work is accomplished by correspondence between the Division 
office and the chairman or individual members of the advisory board. 
The calls upon these groups depend upon the varying activities of the 
Division and its committees, and naturally are quite irregular, some 
boards or their members in any given year receiving many requests 
for advice, while others receive few or none. 

Joint Committees With Other Organizations 

Rock Drill Steels. An investigation of the breakage and heat 
treatment of rock drill steels and other steels or alloys subjected to 
similar impact stresses, was initiated by the Bureaus of Mines and 
of Standards in November, 1921. Engineering and other societies, 
universities. Federal, State and other agencies are cooperating. In 
February, 192 1, a conference was held, at which there was a large 
attendance. Several papers were presented and the extended dis- 
cussion indicated the great interest in the subject. Dr. Bradley 
Stoughton represents the Division. 

Magnetic Analysis committee was organized by the American So- 
ciety for Testing Materials to study the magnetic properties of bodies, 
to correlate such magnetic properties with corresponding mechanical 



DIVISION OF ENGINEERING 19 

properties, and to develop suitable methods of testing for magnetic 
properties with respect to the commercial application of magnetic 
analysis in such work as routine testing for acceptance of materials. 
R, L. Sanford acts as representative of the Division. 

Phosphorous and Sulphur in Steel. Organized in November, 
19 19, under the joint initiative of the American Society for Testing 
Materials, the Bureau of Standards and the Railroad Administration, 
this joint committee has members from eleven organizations repre- 
senting the Government, the railroads and other consumers, and the 
steel industry. The representative of the Division of Engineering 
is John H. Hall and the chairman of the committee. Dr. George K. 
Burgess. The object is to determine suitable limits for sulphur and 
phosphorous in various grades of steel. There has been published a 
preliminary report on "The Effect of Sulphur on Rivet Steel," Pro- 
ceedings, A. S. T. M., June, 1922. 

METHODS DEVELOPED BY THE DIVISION 
Division Meetings 

TO stimulate the interest of industrialists in the conduct of 
research for solving both fundamental and commercial prob- 
lems, executives are invited as guests to Division meetings, 
"business" is condensed, and time given to selected speakers on sug- 
gestive subjects. Abstracts of these addresses and discussions are pub- 
lished in appropriate journals. 

Development of Projects 

Having selected a specific problem for consideration, a small 
number of well-informed men are called together by the Chairman 
of the Division for a preliminary conference and to draw up a suitable 
statement of the problem, its importance and the probable value of 
its solution. Members of a committee are then selected representa- 
tive of the interested industry or branch of the Profession, and of the 
related sciences, technical societies, governmental bureaus or educa- 
tional institutions. Frequently, in choosing committee members, the 
counsel of members of the appropriate advisory board and other 
persons is sought. 

Procedure may then develop somewhat as follows : 

(a) Preparation of a bibliography and critical summary of 



20 NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL 

present knowledge, Including the gathering of all available experience. 
These summaries serve the two-fold purpose of giving a concise state- 
ment of the best existing Information and enabling the committee to 
draw up more Intelligently a program of research needed to obtain 
data that are lacking. 

(b) Consideration of the summary and the laying out of specific 
tests, Inquiries, or experiments. Often standardization of nomencla- 
ture and of methods of testing Is necessary before effective progress 
can be made with the actual research. (Improvement of nomencla- 
ture or of testing methods and apparatus Is in some cases one of the 
most valuable results accomplished.) Care Is taken to select the 
more urgent or promising features of the project for the first attack, 
and not to attempt more than there Is reasonable probability of 
handling. 

(c) Solicitation of necessary resources, and arrangement for 
suitable facilities. If not already provided. 

(d) Assignment of definite portions of the program to appro- 
priate laboratories, sub-committees, companies and Individuals. 

(e) Stimulation of research in this field by Individuals, gov- 
ernmental bureaus, corporations or universities. To this end a list 
of research subjects may be compiled and published In some cases. 

As the work proceeds, progress reports are submitted and papers 
are presented to engineering societies or articles written for technical 
periodicals, according to the character of the project and the best 
interests of those concerned. At the completion of its task or of a 
definite stage in a prolonged study, each committee submits a final 
report to the Division. 

Number of Committees and Projects 

The number of projects in progress at any time is dependent upon 
the needs of Industry and the resources of the Division. It is more 
effective to concentrate limited personnel and funds upon a small 
number of projects than to undertake many and fail through disper- 
sion of effort. Therefore, until resources are greater, even worthy 
projects have to wait until one or more projects in hand need less 
help. To promote effectiveness, also, inactive committees are either 
disbanded or reorganized as seems best under the circumstances. 



DIVISION OF ENGINEERING 21 

Size of Committee 

Many considerations determine the size of a committee. It is 
prudent to begin with a relatively small committee. If a large com- 
mittee is advantageous, frequent meetings are not attempted ; ordinary 
business is conducted by a small executive committee. Specific tasks 
are handled by individuals or by appropriate sub-committees which 
can meet or correspond as needed. Progress is accelerated whenever 
practicable by the employment of men having requisite qualifications. 

Committee Costs 

Usually all members of a committee serve gratuitously. Further- 
more, in some instances travel and other expenses are contributed 
by the individuals or by the organizations or companies which they 
represent. Commonly, however, travel expenses are reimbursed by 
the Division, if desired. The cost of the committee work, although 
the items may never be assembled in any account, often reaches a large 
total. Although the charges to National Research Council may not 
be great, the Division officers feel a definite responsibility so to man- 
age committee operations as to secure creditable economy. 

Committee costs may be itemized as follows : 

Value of time of members 

Value of time of ofiice and technical assistants 

Travel and subsistence 

Ofiice, laboratory and other facilities 

Stenographic reports 

Printing, stationery, postage and incidentals. 

In the organization of a committee, approximate values of these 
Items serve as a guide in geographical selection of members, assign- 
ment of portions of the program, and determination of places, fre- 
quency and dates of meetings. Effective means to economy are thor- 
ough preparation of programs for meetings, definite assignment of 
tasks with reasonable time for performance, punctuality, persistent 
progress and maintenance of interest in the conduct of meetings. 
Irrelevant discussion must be tactfully curtailed, and those portions 
of stenographic reports having no permanent value suppressed. De- 
liberative meetings should not be inconsiderately hurried, neither 
should they ramble. It is often advantageous to synchronize com- 
mittee meetings with other events which bring the members together. 
Much inevitably depends upon the chairman of the committee, but a 
large measure of responsibility remains in the ofiice of the Division. 
The foregoing is obvious, but "lest we forget,*' is restated. 



22 NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL 



ACHIEVEMENTS AND OPPORTUNITIES 

MANY inquiries come to the Division office, and to most of 
them it is possible to make useful responses. These In- 
quiries from individuals, companies and organizations, 
together with routine work, have kept the small office force of the 
Division busy. In a number of projects, progress is slow, because of 
insufficient financial support. Nevertheless, the committees have ac- 
complished much and the Division of Engineering is becoming better 
known and appreciated. Results of the pioneer work by Dr. Henry 
M. Howe, Professor G. A. Adams, and other leaders, in the early 
days of the Division, are now appearing. With due regard for 
accuracy of statement. It may be said that in recent years there has 
been a wholesome Increase of Interest and activity In research among 
engineers and the Industries, and that the many men who have co- 
operated in the efforts of the National Research Council and Engineer- 
ing Foundation have contributed substantially to this achievement. 
The Division seeks constantly to Increase among engineers and the 
Industries with which they are connected the practice of scientific re- 
search and to broaden the appreciation for the value of research to the 
community. President John R. Freeman, in his address at the annual 
convention of the American Society of Civil Engineers, In 1922, 
pointed out the facts that In many lines of engineering Science still 
lags behind Art, and that further advance and highest economy In 
some arts awaits results of research In the sciences. To quote him : 

"In Engineering, Science often lags far behind the Constructive 
Arts. Watt built engines without knowing much about thermody- 
namics. Arches and trusses long preceded stress diagrams. Port- 
land cement has been used a hundred years, and Its chemistry Is not 
yet well understood, and great bridges have been built with little 
knowledge of the metallurgy of steel. The pioneer is, of necessity, 
often wasteful with his factor of safety, or knowing the risk, must, of 
necessity, take a chance, as with the early sheet-Iron water pipes of the 
California miners, and 'through our failures we achieve success.' Then 
Science comes and shows the way to economy, reducing wasteful cross- 
sections, combining experiences, deducing theory from successful 
practice, and giving confidence for projecting structures to longer 
spans, higher pressures, and new lines of attack." 



DIVISION OF ENGINEERING 23 

HENRY MARION HOWE 

First Chairman and Honorary Chairman, Division of Engineering ; Recipient 

of Bessemer, Elliot Cresson and John Fritz Gold Medals; Professor of 

Metallurgy, Columbia University ; Past President, American Institute 

of Mining and Metallurgical Engineers, and International Society 

for Testing Materials; Chevalier of the Legion of Honor, 

France; Knight Commander of the Imperial Russian Order 

of St. Stanislaus; many other honors. 

Deceased May 14, 1922 

A BIOGRAPHY of Dr. Howe In this booklet would be super- 
fluous ; many are accessible. Rather is it appropriate to call 
attention to his influence upon the work done by engineers in 
winning the war, and his great service to the Division of Engineer- 
ing during the difiicult period of organization. 

Dr. Howe strongly favored the United States taking part in the 
war long before the whole country could be brought to this view. 
When the call finally came to the engineering profession, It found 
him patiently waiting. Although advanced In years and shattered in 
health, he eagerly assumed the leadership to which he was acclaimed. 
He was chairman of the original Engineering Committee, and when 
this was merged into the Division of Engineering, he became first 
chairman of the Division. In the beginning, he directed these activi- 
ties from his home at Bedford Hills, New York, but it soon became 
imperative that he go to Washington, and this he did at personal 
sacrifice. 

Dr. Howe attracted to the war committees men of eminence, 
unusual ability and the highest Integrity, thus assuring effective work 
being done promptly, and giving the Division a standing of the high- 
est order. He also served as Scientific Attache to the American 
Embassy in Paris for several months in 19 18. He stood unfalter- 
ingly at his post during the war and afterward until he saw not 
only the Division but also the Research Council placed upon a firm 
peace-time basis. Those who were close to him knew that the Divi- 
sion of Engineering was near to his heart during the last years of 
his life. Continued falling health, however, compelled him reluc- 
tantly to relinquish the chairmanship, but not until reorganization 
had been accompHshed and a suitable successor found. He was made 



24 NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL 

Honoraiy Chairman and the Division continued to have the benefit 
of his wise counsel. 

Members of the Division who knew him intimately learned to 
respect and love him for his courtesy, his devotion to science and 
research, and the happy but unusual faculty not only to seek advice 
biit also quickly to cast aside his own ideas for those of others when 
better. His inspiring sentiments are well expressed in the follow- 
ing quotations from his address as President of the Mining Engineers 
and from a report as Chairman of the Division: 

"So, beyond and above the immediate and tangible ends of mem- 
bership, ever-present and evident, selfish and generous alike; beyond 
and yet at the root of that genuine affection for our association which 
is so strong in many of us, there lies earnest sympathy with the ulti- 
mate and essential purpose of its being — that to which as a nucleus all 
other purposes are but contributory — which is, to increase and diffuse 
our professional knowledge, and thus progressively to improve our 
methods, so that each of the products of our arts shall represent a smaller 
expenditure of labor, and conversely, that a given expenditure of labor 
shall be the commercial equivalent of a larger quantity of those products ; 
that a day's labor shall purchase a greater amount of comfort and happi- 
ness ; and that, of the total expenditure of human energy, a smaller pro- 
portion may be needed for supplying purely material wants, and a larger 
proportion be available for still further increase of knowledge, for cul- 
ture, and for refinement. That such ends, perhaps rarely enunciated, 
perhaps often only hazily conceived, mixed though they are with other 
and more immediate purposes, are in the final analysis the most im- 
portant part of the foundations of societies such as ours, I cannot doubt." 

"Every new achievement raises a man to a higher standpoint, shows 
him new possibilities, opens larger fields to view. As with men, so with 
societies." 

"Just as each man, taken as an individual, is morally bound to give 
his powers their fullest possible development, so I take it a society 
of men has no more moral right to neglect to develop its powers of use- 
fulness as fully as possible." 

"Our work is not so much to investigate as to cause investigation, 
cheerfully forfeiting the credit due the investigator proper." 



DIVISION OF ENGINEERING 



25 



BY-LAWS OF DIVISION 

Adopted, December 9, 1921 
Subject to By-laws and Regulations of National Research Council. 

ARTICLE L 

Purpose 

Section i. The purpose of the Division of Engineering of the National Research 
Council is to encourage, initiate, organize and coordinate fundamental and engineering 
research and to serve as a clearing-house for research information in the field of 
engineering. 

ARTICLE II. 

Members 

Section i. The Division shall have not more than 40 members, unless increased in 
accordance with Section 2 of this Article: 

American Society of Civil Engineers, 3. 

American Institute of Mining and Metal- 
lurgical Engineers, 3. 

American Society of Mechanical Engi- 
neers, 3. 

American Institute of Electrical Engi- 
neers, 3. 

American Society for Testing Materials, 2. 

Society of Automotive Engineers, 2. 

Illuminating Engineering Society, 1. 



Western Society of Engineers, 1. 

American Society of Heating and Ventil- 
ating Engineers, 1. 

American Society of Refrigerating Engi- 
neers, 1. 

American Welding Society, 1. 

Members at large, 17. 

Division of Federal Relations, N.R.C., 1 
liaison member. 

Chairman of Division, Ex-officio. 



The term of membership shall be three years. 

Members representing engineering societies shall be nominated by the appropriate 
societies, confirmed by the Division and the Executive Board of the National Re- 
search Council, and appointed by the President of the National Academy of Sciences. 

Members at large shall be nominated by the Committee on Nominations, confirmed 
by the Division and the Executive Board of the National Research Council, and 
appointed by the President of the National Academy of Sciences. Approximately 
one-third of the total numiber shall be appointed each year. 

The members representing societies shall always exceed in number the members 
at large and liaison members combined. 

Section 2. Additional engineering societies may be admitted to representation in 
the Division upon presentation by the Division, confirmation by the Executive Board 
of the National Research Council and ratification by the National Academy of 
Sciences. 

Section 3. A member of the Division shall be eligible to reappointment only after 
a lapse of one year following the termination of any regular three-year period of 
membership, except in the case of a retiring chairman of the Division, who may be 
reappointed as a member, or who may be continued as a member ex-officio of the 
Executive Committee without being made a member of the Division. (By-laws of 
N. R, C. as amended November 21, 1921.) 

Section 4. Vacancies in the Division shall be filled for the unexpired term by the 
President of the Academy upon nomination of the body or bodies which made the 
original nomination. (By-laws N, R. C.) 

Section 5. The chairman of any division of the National Research Council, at the 
request of the Chairman of the Division of Engineering, may appoint a member of 
his division as a liaison member. The liaison member shall have all the privileges 
of the other members of the Division of Engineering. (By-laws N. R. C.) 

ARTICLE III. 

Officers 

Section i. The officers shall be a Chairman and one or more Vice-Chairmen. 
Section 2. Nominations for chairman and vice-chairmen shall be made by the 
Committee on Nominations and confirmed by the Executive Committee, Officers 



26 NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL 

shall be elected at the annual meeting of the Division for one year, but eligible for 
re-election, Election shall be subject to confirmation by the Executive Board of 
the National Research Council. 

Section 3. The Executive Committee may engage a Secretary and such assistants 
as are necessary. 

Section 4. The duties of the officers shall include those imposed by the Executive 
Board of the National Research Council. 

Section 5. Chairmen or other officers of the Division may hold office for the 
period of their election without being members of the Division. (By-laws N. R. C. 
adopted November 21, 1921.) 

ARTICLE IV. 

Meetings 

Section i. The annual meeting shall be held on the third Friday of April. Other 
meetings shall be held in connection with the annual meeting of the American Society 
of Mechanical Engineers, in December, the annual meeting of either the American 
Institute of Mining and Metallurgical Engineers or the American Institute of Elec- 
trical Engineers, in February, and at such time between April and December as may 
be determined each year by the Executive Committee. Written notice shall be given 
not less than two weeks in advance. 

Section 2. Special meetings may be called by the Executive Committee or upon 
the written request of ten members. Not less than five days' notice shall be given. 

ARTICLE V. 

Executive Committee 

Section i. The Executive Committee shall consist of the Chairman and Vice- 
Chairmen ex-officio, and three additional members nominated by the Committee on 
Nominations, elected by the Division at its annual meeting and confirmed by the 
Executive Board of the National Research Council. 

Section 2. The Executive Committee shall be elected at the annual meeting for 
the ensuing year. (By-laws N. R. C.) 

Section 3. The Executive Committee shall perform all functions necessary for 
the proper conduct of the affairs of the Division and have such powers as the Division 
may delegate to it. 

Section 4. All research projects undertaken by the Executive Committee shall be 
subject to approval by the Division at its next meeting. 

ARTICLE VI. 
Committees 

Section i. Research and special committees shall be organized at the discretion 
of the Executive Committee and amenable thereto. They shall be subject to the 
approval of the Interim Committee of the National Research Council. 

Section 2. Chairmen shall be designated by the Chairman of the Division or 
elected by the committees or the advisory boards. 

Section 3. The Division shall reserve unto itself the right to terminate the service 
of any or all members of research or special committees by two-thirds majority of 
those present and voting at any meeting of the Division. 

Section 4. Chairmen of committees shall present written progress reports whenever 
requested by the Chairman of the Division and final reports upon completion of their 
work. If the chairman of any committee should not satisfactorily carry on the work 
of the committee, the Chairman of the Division shall lay the case before the Division 
and such committee chairman may be removed on a two-thirds vote of those present, 
provided said committee chairman shall have been notified in writing by the Chairman 
of the Division at least two weeks before the meeting of the Division and given an 
opportunity to present his case in writing. 



DIVISION OF ENGINEERING 27 

Section 5. All committees of the Division shall, unless otherwise determined, serve 
for the appropriate fiscal year and terminate on June 30 of each year. (By-laws 
N. R. C.) 

ARTICLE VII. 
Advisory Boards or Committees 

Section i. In accordance with the plan of organization of the Division, advisory 
boards or committees may be organized in each broad field of engineering, and 
sponsored by an appropriate society. 

Section 2. Advisory boards may adopt by-laws providing these by-laws do not 
conflict with those of the Division or the National Research Council. 

Section 3. Advisory boards may elect their own officers, salaried or otherwise, and 
make financial commitments providing these obligations do not exceed the funds 
supplied by the advisory board, or otherwise made available. 

ARTICLE VIII. 
Committee on Nominations 

Section i. On or before March 15 of each year, the chairman of the Division shall 
appoint a Committee on Nominations. (By-laws N. R, C.) 

Section 2. The Committee on Nominations shall nominate officers, members of 
the Executive Committee, and Members-at-large for the ensuing year. Before pre- 
senting nominations, the committee shall confer with the proposed candidates 
regarding their availability. The ballot presented to the Division shall contain only 
the names of approved and available candidates, the consideration of all other names 
shall be treated as strictly confidential. The Committee on Nominations is expected 
to consult with a committee of the Executive Board, N. R. C, consisting of the 
Chairman of that Board, the Permanent Secretary, and the Chairman of the Budget 
Committee before finally presenting its nominations to the Division. (By-laws 
N. R. C) 

ARTICLE IX. 
Publication and Publicity 

Section i. Publication of reports and papers presented to the Division and publicity 
for its activities shall be left to the discretion of the Chairman, who shall consult the 
secretaries of member societies or the Executive Committee in doubtful cases. 

ARTICLE X. 

Finance 

Section i. There shall be no annual or other dues. Funds for expenses of the 
Division are provided by the National Research Council and Engineering Foundation. 

Section 2. Solicitation of funds for the projects of the Division shall be made in 
accordance with the regulations of the National Research Council. 

Section 3. No financial obligations shall be incurred nor expenditures authorized by 
the Division nor by any of its officers or committees in excess of funds provided. 

ARTICLE XL 
Year 

Section i. The official and fiscal year of the Division shall begin July i, in harmony 
with the practice of the National Research Council. 

ARTICLE XII. 
Amendments 

Section i. These by-laws may be amended by two-thirds majority of the members 
of the Division by letter-ballot after presentation in writing at a regular meeting. 



28 NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL 

OFFICERS NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL 

Honorary Chairman: George E. Hale 
Chairman of Executive Board: John C. Merriam 
First Vice-Chairman: Charles D. Walcott 
Second Vice-Chairman: Gang Dunn 
Third Vice -Chairman: Robert A. Millikan 
Permanent Secretary, Vernon Kellogg 
Assistant Secretary, Albert L. Barrows 
Assistant Secretary, Paul Brockett 
Treasurer, F. L. Ransome 

OFFICERS OF DIVISION OF ENGINEERING 

Chairman, Alfred D. Flinn 
Vice-Chairman, Galen H. Clevenger. 
Secretary, William Spraragen 



r» . ^; . [Henry M. Howe (deceased) 

Past Chatrmen]^^^^^^^^ ^^ ^^^^^ 



EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE 

Chairman, Alfred D. Flinn; Vice-Chairman, Galen H. Clevenger; Comfort 
A. Adams, D. S. Jacobus, H. Hobart Porter, Walter Rautenstrauch. 

MEMBERS 

Alfred D. Flinn, Chairman, Division of Engineering, 29 West 39th Street, 
New York City. 

Representatives of American Society of Civil Engineers: 

W. K. Hatt, Director, Advisory Board on Highway Research, 1701 Massachu- 
setts Avenue, Washington, D. C. 

H. Hobart Porter, President, American Water Works and Electric Company, 
SO Broad Street, New York City. 

George S. Webster, Delaware River Bridge Joint Commission, Board of Engi- 
neers, 1 1 36 Widener Building, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. 

Representatives of American Institute of Mining and Metallurgical Engineers'- 

Thomas Robins, President, Robins Conveying Belt Company, Park Row Build- 
ing, New York City. 
Allen H. Rogers, Mining Engineer, 42 Broadway, New York City. 
Arthur L. Walker, Professor of Metallurgy, School of Mines, Columbia 
University, New York City. 

Representatives of American Society of Mechanical Engineers' 

John H. Barr, Remington Typewriter Company, 374 Broadway, New York City. 
D. S. Jacobus, Advisory Engineer, Babcock and Wilcox Company, 85 Liberty 

Street, New York City. 
Albert Kingsbury, Kingsbury Machine Works, 4314 Tackawanna Street, Frank- 
fort, Pennsylvania. 

Representatives of American Institute of Electrical Engineers'- 

Comfort A. Adams, Lawrence Professor of Engineering, Harvard University, 

Cambridge, Massachusetts. 
Bancroft Gherardi, Vice-President, American Telephone & Telegraph Co., 

195 Broadway, New York City. 
W. R. Whitney, Director, Research Laboratory, General Electric Company, 

Schenectady, New York. 

Representative of American Society of Refrigerating Engineers: 

Walter Rautenstrauch, Vice-President, The J. G. White Management Corpora- 
tion, 43 Exchange Place, New York City. 



DIVISION OF ENGINEERING 29 

Representatives of American Society for Testing Materials: 

George K. Burgess, Chief, Division of Metallurgy, U. S. Bureau of Standards, 

Washington, D. C. 
J. A. Capp, Chief, Testing Laboratory, General Electric Company, Schenectady, 

New York. 

Representative of American Society of Heating and Ventilating Engineers: 

F. Paul Anderson, Director, American Society of Heating and Ventilating 
Engineers Research Laboratory, care of U. S. Bureau of Mines, Pittsburgh, 
Pennsylvania. 

Representative of Illuminating Engineering Society: 

Edward P. Hyde, Director of Research, National Lamp Works of General 
Electric Company, Nela Park, Cleveland, Ohio. 

Representative of Western Society of Engineers: 

Edmond O. Schweitzer^ Chief Testing Engineer, Commonwealth Edison Co., 
28 North Market Street, Chicago, Illinois. 

Representatives of Society of Automotive Engineers : 

Henry M. Crane, Consulting Engineer, 44 West 44th Street, New York City. 
F. W. Davis, Truck Engineer, Pierce-Arrow Motor Car Company, Buffalo, New 
York. 

Representative of American Welding Society: 

Henry M. Hobart, Consulting Engineer, General Electric Company, Schenectady, 
New York. 

Representative of the Division of Federal Relations: 
(Appointment pending). 

Members at Large: 

T. R. Agg, Professor of Highway Engineering, Iowa State College, Ames, Iowa. 

Galen H, Clevenger, Consulting Metallurgist, United States Smelting, Re- 
fining and Mining Company, 55 Congress Street, Boston, Massachusetts. 

F. G. Cottrell, Fixed Nitration Research Laboratory, Department of Agriculture, 
American University, Washington, D. C. 

Gano Dunn, President, J. G. White Engineering Corporation, 43 Exchange 
Place, New York City. 

F. P. Gilligan, Secretary-Treasurer, Henry Souther Engineering Company, 
Hartford, Connecticut. 

Sullivan W. Jones, Chairman, Structural Service Committee, American Insti- 
tute of Architects, 19 West 44th Street, New York City. 

Van H. Manning, Director of Research, American Petroleum Institute, 15 West 
44th Street, New York City. 

Paul D. Merica, Superintendent of Research, International Nickel Company, 
Bayonne, New Jersey. 

Charles F, Rand, Mine Owner, 71 Broadway, New York City. 

C. E. Skinner, Assistant Director of Engineering, Westinghouse Electric and 
Manufacturing Company, East Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. 

A. A. Stevenson, Vice-President, Standard Steel Works Company, Philadelphia, 
Pennsylvania. 

Ambrose Swasey, President, Warner and Swasey Company, Cleveland, Ohio. 

REPRESENTATIVES OF THE DIVISION ON JOINT COMMITTEES 

Committees of the American Society for Testing Materials: 
Committee A-8 on Magnetic Analysis. 

R. L. Sanford, Physicist, U. S. Bureau of Standards, Washington, D. C. 



30 NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL 

Committee for the Investigation of Sulphur and Phosphorus in Steel. 

J. H. Hall, Metallurgical Engineer, Taylor-Wharton Iron and Steel Com- 
pany, High Bridge, New Jersey. 

Joint Committee of Bureau of Mines and Bureau of Standards on Rock Drill Steel: 
Bradley Stoughton, Consulting Engineer, lo East 44th Street, New York City. 

ADVISORY BOARDS 

Advisory Board on Civil Engineering Research: 

(Sponsored by the American Society of Civil Engineers.) 

Chairman, Robert E. Horton, Consulting Hydraulic Engineer, R. F. D. No. i, 
Voorheesville, New York. 
Duff A. Abrams, Robert A. Cummings, W. C. Cushing, A. T. Goldbeck, 
Samuel A. Greeley, William K. Hatt, David C. Henny, Anson 
Marston, Elmer T. Howson, C. G. E. Larsson, Frederick E. Schmitt, 
Willis A. Slater, Arthur N. Talbot, F. E. Turneaure, C. L. Warwick. 

Advisory Board on Mining and Metallurgical Engineering Research: 

(Sponsored by the American Institute of Mining and Metallurgical Engineers.) 
Ralph Arnold, Graham Bright, Galen H. Clevenger, F. G. Cottrell, 
J. V. N. Dorr, Howard N. Eavenson, H. B. Fernald, F. P. Gilligan, 
Frank L. Hess, John E. Hodge, H. O. Hofman, Robert Linton, H. G. 
MouLTON, Van H. Manning, Paul D. Merica, William B. Price, 
Charles F. Rand, Henry Ries, Thomas Robins, Allen H. Rogers, 
Forest Rutherford, A. A. Stevenson, Francis P. Sinn, Bradley 
Stoughton, Arthur L. Walker, Frank W. de Wolf. 

Advisory Board on Mechanical Engineering Research: 

(Sponsored by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.) 

Chairman, Walter Rautenstrauch, Vice-President, The J. G. White Man- 
agement Corporation, 43 Exchange Place, New York City; F. P. Ander- 
son, C. J. Bacon, William W. Bird, F. J. Cole, E. A. Deeds, H. 
DiEDERiCHs, H. C. Dickinson, A. W. Duff, A. L. Ellis, R. H. Fernald, 
Arthur M. Greene, Jr., F. G. Hechler, E. M. Herr, D. S. Jacobus, S. F. 
Jeter, Albert Kingsbury, C. E. Lucke, L. S. Marks, E. F. Miller, H. F. 
Moore, G. A. Orrok, R. J. S. Pigott, A. A. Potter, R. H. Rice, C: R. 
Richards, C. E. Skinner, S. W. Stratton, F. A. Wardenburg. 

Advisory Board on Electrical Engineering Research: 

(Sponsored by the American Institute of Electrical Engineers.) 

Chairman, John B. Whitehead, Johns-Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md., 
B. A. Behrend, Edward Bennett, F. S. Clark, E. H. Colpitts, E. E. 
F. Creighton, W. a. Del Mar, W. P. Dobson, C. I. Hall, L. A, Hawkins, 
D. C. Jackson, A. E. Kennelly, J. R. Klumpp, M. G. Lloyd, L. F. More- 
house, G. W. Pierce, Harris J. Ryan, C. H. Sharp, C. E. Skinner. 

Advisory Board on Testing Materials: 

(Executive Committee of the American Society for Testing Materials.) 

Chairman, George K. Burgess, Bureau of Standards, Washington, D. C. 

American Bureau of Welding: 

(Advisory Board on Welding Research, sponsored by the American Welding 
Society.) 

Officers 

Director, Comfort A. Adams, 29 West 39th Street, New York City. 

First Vice-Director, Henry M. Hobart, Consulting Engineer, General Electric 

Company. Schenectady. N. Y. 
Second Vice-Director, Alfred S. Kinsey, Professor of Shop Practice, Stevens 

Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey. 



DIVISION OF ENGINEERING 31 

Secretary, William Spraragen, Secretary, Division of Engineering, National 
Research Council, 29 W. 39th Street, New York City. 

Representatives of American Welding Society 

Comfort A. Adams, W. J. Beck, J. H. Deppeler, M. Keith Dunham, 0. H. 
EscHHOLz, F. M. Farmer, Henry M. Hobart, Alfred S. Kinsey, Walcott 
Remington, C. J. Nyquist, H, S. Smith, H. R. Swartley, Jr. 

Sectional Representatives of American Welding Society 

Pittsburgh: O. H. Eschholz, J. A. Warfel. 
Northern New York: P. O. Noble, R. E. Wagner. 
Philadelphia: S. G. Child. 

Representatives of Other Scientific Societies and Government 

Departments 

Alexander Churchward, Society of Automotive Engineers. 

Galen H. Clevenger, National Research Council. 

L. H. Davis, American Society of Civil Engineers. 

Louis Doelling, American Society of Refrigerating Engineers. 

F. L. Fairbanks, American Society of Mechanical Engineers. 

F. M. Farmer, American Society for Testing Materials. 

James French, Lloyd's Register of Shipping. 

D. S. Jacobus, Engineering Foundation. 
John Martin, American Bureau of Shipping. 

W. L. Merrill, American Institute of Electrical Engineers. 

S. W. Miller, American Electro- Chemical Society. 

A. Cressy Morrison, New York Academy of Sciences. 

E. M. T. Ryder, American Electric Railway Association. 
A. W. Slocum, American Physical Society. 

H. S. Starling, Bureau Veritas. 

George C. Stone, American Engineering Standards Committee. 

Bradley Stoughton, American Institute of Mining and Metallurgical Engineers. 

Commander W. W. Webster, Bureaus of Ordnance and of Construction and 

Repair, U. S. Navy Department, 
H. L. Whittemore, Bureau of Standards, U. S. Department of Commerce. 
J. C. Wright, Federal Board for Vocational Education. 

Members at Large 

W. M. Beard, A. F. Jenkins, H. G. Knox, Hermann Lemp, J. C. Lincoln, 
Victor Mauck, C. A. McCune, J. W. Owens, H. I. Walsh. 

Committees 

Committee on Electric Arc Welding: 

Chairman, Henry M. Hobart; Clifford W. Bates, W. J. Beck, Alexander 
Churchward, S. Diggle, O. H. Eschholz, E. H. Ewertz, F. M. Farmer, 
C. J. HoLSLAG, E. S. Hurd, O. a. Kenyon, J. C. Lincoln, F. P. McKibben, 
W. H. Namack, O. T. Nelson, P. O. Noble, J. W. Owens, W. H. Patter- 
son. J. N. Ripple, William Siebenmorgen, A. W. Slocum, William 
Spraragen, W. A. Turbayne, R. E. Wagner, H. I. Walsh, R Wana- 
maker, a. a. Winne. 

Committee on Resistance Welding: 

Chairman, Hermann Lemp, General Electric Company, Erie, Pennsylvania; 
Clifford W. Bates, J. E. Chamberlin, E. F. Collins, A. F. deForest, 
O. S. Hammack. E. J. Henke, H. L. McCreery. D. F. Miner, W. S. 
MooDEY, Joseph A. Osborne, Walcott Remington, Malcolm Thomson, 
H. W. Tobey. 



32 NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL 

Committee on Standard Tests for Welds : 

Chairman, F. M. Farmer, Electrical Testing Laboratories, 8oth Street and East 
End Avenue, New York City; W. J. Beck, S. W. Miller, R. E. Wagner, 
H. L. Whittemore. 

Committee on Welding Wire Specifications: 

Chairman, C. A. McCune, Page Steel and Wire Company, Bridgeport, Conn.; 
W. J. Beck, Alexander Churchward, O. H. Eschholz, J. J. Flaherty, 

C. J. Holslag, H. J. Horn, Alfred S. Kinsey, H. G. Knox, Hermann 
Lemp, J. F. Lincoln, S. W. Miller, C. J. Nyquist, J. W. Owens, H. I. 
Walsh, E. Wanamaker, H?. L. Whittemore. 

Committee on Training of Welding Operators : 

Chairman, J. C. Wright, Federal Board for Vocational Education, Washington, 

D. C. ; O. H. Eschholz, C. S. Graef, George E. Harke, G. A. McGarvey, 
S. W. Miller, J. W. Owens, William Spraragen, B. C. Tracey. H. I. 
Walsh, Joseph Wilson. 

Committee on Specifications of Steel to be Welded : 

Chairman, W. J. Beck, American Rolling Mill Company, Middletown, Ohio; 
S. G. Child, W. A. Cooper, K F. ICenney, T. D. Lynch, J. H. Nead, F. N. 
Speller, William Spraragen, H. L. Whittemore, H. V. Wille. 

Committee on Thermit Welding: 

Chairman, J. H. Deppeler, Metal and Thermit Corporation, 92 Bishop Street, 
Jersey City, New Jersey; H. J. Cox, John Martin. 

Committee on Welded Storage Tanks : 

Chairman, J. C. Lincoln, Lincoln Electric Company, Cleveland, Ohio; James 
Burke, A. M. Candy, S. Diggle, F. L. Fairbanks, F. C. Fyke, M. F. Hill, 

E. L. Hirt, Alfred S. Kinsey, P. J. McGrath, S. W. Miller, C. J. Nyquist, 
J. W. Owens, H. S. Smith, R. E. Wagner. 

Committee on Gas Welding: 

Chairman, S. W. Miller, Union Carbide and Carbon Research Laboratories, 
Thompson Avenue and Manley Street, Long Island City, N. Y. ; Frank S. 
Austin, W. J. Beck, F. M. Becket, H. J. Grow, R. S. Johnston, C, A. 
McCune, J. F. Napolitan, Walter L. Senhert, H. S. Smith, H. I. Walsh, 
D. J. Will. 

Committee on Welded Rail Joints : 

Chairman, George K. Burgess; Vice-Chairman, E. M. T. Ryder; Secretary, Wil- 
liam Spraragen; F. E. Abbott, E. O. Ackerman, Comfort A. Adams, 
C C. Beck, C. N. Benson, Alexander Churchward, C Clark, R. C. Cram, 
H. A, Currie, R. H. Dalgleish, J. H. Deppeler, G. C. Estill, D. D. Ewing, 
G. C. Farkell, C. F. Gailor, Howard K. George, H. M'. Gould, W. F. 
Graves, C. H, Jewett, C. S. Kimball, H. F. A. Kleinschmidt, F. C. 
Lederer, J. C. Lincoln, E. J. McIllraith, R. H. Pinckley, E. C. Price, 
J. K. Punderford, G. W. Smith, L. J. Smith, H. M. Steward, E. Vom 
Steeg, a. p. Way, F. A. Weymouth, H. L. Whittemore, G. L. Wilson, 
Jonathan Wolfe, W. W. Wysor. 

Committee on Pressure Vessels : 

Chairman, H. L. Whittemore, Bureau of Standards, Washington, D. C. ; G. H. 
Lane, S. W. Miller, W. B. Miller, L. K. Doelling, F. J. Flocke, W. 
Spraragen, R. E. Wagner. 



DIVISION OF ENGINEERING 33 

Advisory Board on Highway Research: 

Officers 

Chairman, Anson Marston. 

Vice-Chairman, Alfred D. Flinn. 

Director, William K. Hatt, Professor of Civil Engineering, and Director, Ma- 
terials Testing Laboratory, Purdue University; National Research Council, 
Washington, D. C. 

Executive Committee 

Chairman, Anson Marston; Vice-Chairman, Alfred D. Flinn; Directors, 
William K. Hatt, Comfort A. Adams, Henry M. Crane, T. H. 
MacDonald. 

Representatives of Member Organizations 

David Beecroft, Society of Automotive Engineers. 

H. W. Alden, Society of Automotive Engineers. 

Arthur H. Blanchard, National Highway Traffic Association. 

A. J. Brosseau, National Automobile Chamber of Commerce. 

Robert A. Cummings, American Society of Civil Engineers. 

William P. Eno, Eno Foundation for Highway Traffic Regulation. 

H. S. Firestone, Rubber Association of America. 

Alfred D. Flinn, Engineering Foundation. 

W. 0. HoTCHKiss, Association of American State Geologists. 

Prevost Hubbard, American Society for Testing Materials. 

W. M. Kinney, American Concrete Institute. 

Nelson P. Lewis, American Society for Municipal Improvements. 

T. H. MacDonald, U. S. Bureau of Public Roads. 

Colonel John C. Oakes, Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army. 

H. deB. Parsons, American Society of Mechanical Engineers. 

Willis A. Slater, U. S. Bureau of Standards. 

Arthur N. Talbot, Western Society of Engineers. 

W. D. Uhler, American Association of State Highway Officials. 

S. Whinery, American Institute of Consulting Engineers. 

H. H. Wilson, Associated General Contractors of America. 

Committees 

Committee on Character and Use of Road Materials : 

Chairman, H. S. Mattimore, Engineer of Tests, Pennsylvania State Highway 
Department, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania; B. A. Anderton, R. W. Crum, 
H. J, Hughes, F. C. Lang, C. S. Reeve, H. H. Scofield, M. O. Withey. 

Committee on Economic Theory of Highway Improvement: 

Chairman, T. R. Agg; C. A. Baughman, R. B. H. Begg, L. E. Conrad, H. S. 
Fairbank, D. C. Fenner, R. B. Gage, H. J. Hughes, Major Mark L. Ire- 
land, A. N. Johnson, H. J. Kuelling, W. E. Lay, H. J. MacIntire, R. W. 
Schroeder. 

Subcommittee on Tractive Resistance of Roads : 

Chairman, C. J. Tilden, Yale University, New Haven, Conn.; C. A. Adams, T. 
R. Agg, C. J. Bennett, J. N. Cole, H. C. Dickinson, A. T. Goldbeck, Major 
Mark L. Ireland, Dugald C. Jackson, W. E. Lay, E. H. Lockwood. 

Committee on Structural Design of Roads : 

Chairman, A. T. Goldbeck, Engineer of Tests, U. S. Bureau of Public Roads, 
Washington, D. C. (Being organized). 

Committee on Maintenance : 

Chairman, W. H. Root, Maintenance Engineer, Iowa State Highway Department, 
Ames, Iowa. (Being organized.) 



34 NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL 

Committee on Highway Finances : 

ChairfHan, J. D. McKay, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis. (Being organ- 
ized.) 

Committee on Highway Traffic Analysis : 

Chairman, G. E. Hamlin, Connecticut Highway Commission, Hartford, Conn.; 

T. R. Agg, a. H. Blanchard, John N. Cole, N. W. Dougherty, A. N. 
Johnson, J. H. Mullen, N. P. Lewis. 

OTHER COMMITTEES OF THE DIVISION 

Committee on Deoxidizers: 

Chairman, George K. Burgess, Chief, Division of Metallurgy, U. S. Bureau of 
Standards, Washington, D. C. ; J. R. Cain, Research Metallurgist; F. M. 
Becket, Fred W. Cohen, George F. Comstock, P. H. Royster, W. E. 
Ruder. 

Committee on Electrical Core Losses: 

Chairman, A. E. Kennelly, Professor of Electrical Ejigineering, Harvard Uni- 
versity, Cambridge, Massachusetts; C. A. Adams, Philip L. Alger, S. R. 
Bergman, James Burke, G. H. Cole, F. S. Dellenbaugh, Jr., A. C. Lanier, 
W. V. Lyon, Thomas Spooner, Walter L. Upson, G. A. Waters, A. F. 
Welch. 

Committee on Electrical Insulation: 

Chairman, F. B. Jewett ; Comfort A. Adams, Edward Dean Adams, Lawrence 
Addicks, a. O. Austin, Wilder D. Bancroft, L. E. Barringer, Frederick 
Bedell, A. W. Berresford, Le Roy Clark, E. H. Colpitts, K. T. Compton, 
William A. Del Mar, F. M. Farmer, Francis C. Frary, Carl Hering, 
Dugald C. Jackson, John Johnston, A. E. Kennelly, Irving Langmuir, 
L. T. Robinson, D. W. Roper, R. W. Seabury, G. B. Shanklin, Clayton 
H. Sharp, F. B. Silsbee, C. E. Skinner, H. Clyde Snook, R. H. Tapscott, 
Percy H. Thomas, Richard C. Tolman, Augustus Trowbridge, E. W. 
Washburn, John M. Weiss, J. B. Whitehead, W. R. Whitney. 

Committee on Fatigue Phenomena of Metals: 

Chairman, H. F. Moore, Research Professor of Engineering Materials, University 
of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois; O. H. Basquin, F, P. Gilligan, Zay Jeffries, 
T. R. Lawson, J. A. Mathews, J. H. Nelson, W. E. Ruder, Leonard 
Waldo, H. L. Whittemore. 

Committee on Hardness Testing of Materials: 

Chairman, A. E. Bellis, Bellis Heat Treating Company, New Haven, Connecticut ; 
H. C. Boynton, R. C. Brumfield, A. L. Ellis, F. E. Foss, F. P. Gilligan, 
S. L. GooDALE, B. J. Harmon, H. P. Hollnagel, S. R. Keith, F. C. Langen- 
BERG, Paul D, Merica, H. F. Moore, John H. Nelson, George W. Prentiss, 
P. F. Taft, Charles Travis, H. L. Whittemore, S. R. Williams, E. L. 
Wood. 

Committee on Heat Treatment of Carbon Steel: 

Acting Chairman, F. B. Foley; H. M. Boylston, H. C. Boynton, George K. 
Burgess, H. J. French, J. H. Hall, Zay Jeffries, R. S. Johnston, F. C. 
Langenberg, H. F. Moore, E. H. Peirce, H. S. Rawdon, W. E. Ruder, 
H. J. Stagg. 



DIVISION OF ENGINEERING 35 

Committee on Marine Piling Investigations: 

(Joint Committee with Division of Biology and Agriculture.) 

Chairman, R. T. Betts, Chief Engineer, Robbins-Ripley Company, 50 Church 
Street, New York City; Director of Investigations, William G. Atwood, 
29 West 39th Street, New York City; Vice-Chairman, George J. Ray; 
Secretary, Albert L. Barrows; Wilder D. Bancroft, Alfred D. Flinn, 
ex-officio, George M. Hunt, C. A. Kofoid, F. R. Lillie, ex-officio, Hermann 
VON Schrenk. 

Sub-Committee on Biology; 

Chairman, C. A. Kofoid, Professor of Zoology, University of California, 
Berkeley, Calif.; F. R. Lillie, A. L. Barrows, A. H. Clark, T. C. 
Nelson, H. E. Crampton. 

Sub-Committee on Publicity: 

Chairman, R. T. Betts ; William G. Atwood, ex-officio, Albert L. Barrows, 
ex-officio, E. E. Slosson. 

Sub-Committee on Finance: 

Chairman, Hermann von Schrenk, Consulting Timber Engineer, Tower 
Grove and Flad Avenues, St. Louis, Missouri; George J. Ray, R. T. 
Betts. 

Sub-Committee on Engineering: 

Chairman, George J. Ray, Chief Engineer, Delaware, Lackawanna and 
Western Railway Company, Hoboken, New Jersey; George M. Hunt. 

Sub-Committee on Patents : 

Chairman, R. T. Betts, ex-officio; William G. Atwood, ex-officio, Albert 
L. Barrows, ex-officio. 

Sub-Committee on Chemistry: 

Chairman, Wilder D. Bancroft, Professor of Physical Chemistry, Cornell 
University, Ithaca, New York. (Being organized). 

Committee on Molding Sand: 

Chairman, R. A. Bull, Consulting Engineer, 639 Diver sey Parkway, Chicago, 
Illinois; Secretary, Robert E. Kennedy, 909 W. California Street, Urbana, 
Illinois; Robert J. Anderson, W. R. Bean, George A. Bole, George K. 
Burgess, J. A. Capp, G. H. Clamer, L. H. Cole, J. C. Davis, R. J. Doty, 
George K. Elliott, John E. Galvin, Marcus I. Goldman, Alfred E. 
Hammer, Henry B. Hanley, R. F. Harrington, H. W. Highriter, W. O 
HoTCHKiss, Jesse L. Jones, C. P. Karr, H. M. Lane, J. Spotts McDowell, 
P. E. McKinney, M. M. Marcus, Richard Moldenke, Cullen W. 
Parmelee, J. C. Pearson, John Ploehn, Ross C. Purdy, J. I. Reid, Henry 
RiES, Walter M. Saunders, Homer F. Staley, J. L. Stoddard, R. W. 
Stone, Bradley Stoughton, Enrique Touceda, DeGray White, Fred L. 
Wolf. 

Sub-Committee on Geological Surveys: 

Chairman, H. Ries, Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y. ; L. H. Cole, M. I. 
Goldman, W. O. Hotchkiss, C. W. Parmelee, R, W. Stone. 



86 NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL 

Sub-Committee on Conservation and Reclamation : 

Chairman, Fred L. Wolf, The Ohio Brass Company, Mansfield, Ohio; J. E. 
Galvin, H. B. Hanley, R. F. Harrington, H. W. Highriter, H. M, 
Lane, P. E. McKinney, M. M. Marcus, DeGray White. 

Sub-Committee on Standard Methods for Testing Molding Sands : 

Chairman, Henry B. Hanley, 107 Ocean Avenue, New London, Connecticut; 
George K. Burgess, R. J. Doty, George K. Elliott, Richard Moldenke, 
W. M. Saunders. 

Committee on Neumann Bands: 

Chairman, Charles E. Munroe, National Research Council, Washington, D. C. ; 
William Campbell, F. B. Foley, S. P. Howell, Albert Sauveur, Colonel 
W. H. Tschappat, Lieutenant- Commander T. S. Wilkinson. 

Committee on Physical Changes in Iron and Steel Below the Thermal Critical Range: 

Chairman, Zay Jeffries, Aluminum Castings Company, Cleveland, Ohio; R. R. 
Abbott, H. C. Boynton, William Campbell, Galen H. Clevenger, J. V. 
Emmons, F. B. Foley, H. J. French, F. C. Langenberg, J. A. Mathews, 
Paul D. Merica, A. H. Miller, J. H. Nelson, J. A. Reinhardt, W. E. 
Ruder, Bradley Stoughton, H. F. Wood. 

Pulverising Committee (joint committee v/ith Milling Committee of American 
Institute of Mining and Metallurgical Engineers) : 

Honorary Chairman, Robert H. Richards, Emeritus Professor of Mining Engi- 
neering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Chairman, Galen H. 
Clevenger, Consulting Metallurgist, U. S. Smelting, Refining and Mining 
Co., 55 Congress Street, Boston, Massachusetts ; First Vice-Chairman, 
'Frederick Laist; Second Vice-Chairman, Chas. E. Locke; Paul Avery, 
E. S. Bardwell, John W. Bell, C. H. Benedict, A. L. Bloomfield, F. L. 
BosQUi, F. W. Bradley, H. K. Burch, Charles Butters, W. A, Caldecott, 

D. S. Calland, John M. Callow, Robert C. Canby, J. Parke Channing, 
Charles A. Chase, A. J. Clark, David Cole, E. W. Davis, J. V. , N. 
Dorr, Arthur S. Dwight, H. W. Fox, C. H. Fry, H. W. Gepp, Rudolph 
Ghal, H. a. Guess, R. S. Handy, Frank Janney, A. H. Jones, R. B. T. 
Kiliani, C. B. Lakenan, W. P. Lass, L. W. Lennox, R. S. Lewis, A. D. 
Marriott, Jr., C. W. Merrill, L D. Mills, B. S. Morrow, H. S. Munroe, 
Walter Neal, E. H. Nutter, T. M. Owen, C. Q. Payne, J. B. Porter, 

E. R. 'Ramsey, L. D. Ricketts, W. M. Rossberg, L. G. Rowland, T. B. 
Stearns, A. E. C. Smith, W. G. Swart, A. F. Taggert, Arthur Thacher, 
G. D. Van Arsdale, Thos. Varley, A. P. Watt, Bulkeley Wells, A. E. 
WiGGiN, G. H. Wyman, Jr., R. B. Yerxa. 

Committee on Uses of Tellurium and Selenium: 

Chairman, Victor Lenher, Professor of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, 
Madison, Wisconsin ; F. F. Colcord, H. D. Greenwood, A. E. Hall, Oliver 
C. Ralston, E. W. Rouse, S. Skowronski, A. W. Smith. 

Committee on Heat Transmission (now being formed) : 

Chairman of Organizing Committee, Dr. H. C. Dickinson, Research Manager, 
Society of Automotive Engineers, 29 West 39th Street, New York. 






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